???界??????涓昏????村???革??????婚??杩┿????澹頒腑澶?????礎????????界??????褰㈡??锛???互??礎??????寸????灞?涓哄?朵富绾匡?骞跺?ㄥ??甯?寤鴻???琛????灞???浼???搴??搞??绀句???娲彙???????烘???璇稿??歸?㈣?娉ㄥ?ヤ?????????娑佃????姝ユ?????ㄣ????礎????????叉部?╀?婕?杩???灞?????浜????界?????????叉??????
    ???茬?璁拌澆锛???瀹??惰??礎?闆?哄凡??姝ュ艦???闆勾????????瀹佃??????寮?????褰╃??涔?淇?????瀹??舵??????礎?闆?猴??闆勾????瀹墊?劇??????????訛?姘??存??????????绛?琛ㄦ?娲誨?ㄤ害灏界?闆?堕?達?娣卞?瑙????浼??????便????瀹?娣崇??浜?骞達?1175骞達?锛??????卞?借?浜洪??娓告?懼?ㄥ?跺??涓?????娌????ャ??涓?璇?涓????幫???涓???Е妤鹼?杞??兼?版?ワ???杩??劇????锛????褰??惰??礎?闆?烘?版?ュ??????劇??凡涓虹害瀹?淇?????姘?淇?娲誨?ㄣ??褰??訛?杩?涓????ュ艦???????灏???宸??????浠ワ???瀹??舵??搴?涓鴻??礎????????芥?舵??????濮??舵???
    ??礎?闆?虹????????????ㄦ????舵??锛???娓?琛?灞?涓哄?鋒???稿??哄???娑點??骞跺?ㄧ??瀹??舵?杩?琛???骞舵??涓?瀹?浼??跨嚎璺???澶у??姘?淇?????娲誨?ㄣ?????ｅ?垮???璁拌澆锛???姝ｆ??浜烘?ュ??锛???绁?????????锛????ㄩ????圭孩???璋?涔?澶╃???瀵?浜哄?骞翠赴涔??????間豢?や漢绀奸福???ч?わ?浠ラ┍?????璋?涔??????哄????????闆勾???????︹?﹁??妤煎?頒負?茶?锛?涔′漢???芥?頒涵??涓????頒涵??涓?浜???寮????堕??伴??锛???????妤鹼?涓存?ョ???锛?褰╃?涔︾?夥?宓??????锛?涓?浜?????浜??劇???杈?涓戒?????瑗誇漢?ヨ?锛?浜︽??朵含娌???涓?瑙?涔?????浠ヤ?璇???娓?????浠ュ???????宸插喘?插ご瑙?锛??跺?烘??凡??涓哄．瑙?锛???僵宸茬??涓虹?涓斤?杈?涔?浜???澶ч??浜︽?涓????層??
    ?ㄦ??娓??舵????礎?闆?虹?????琛?灞???浼?绾跨嚎璺??锛?灏?????涓????癸???涓轟???礎????版?圭?矽?插??浜??廣??
?朵???ぉ?????姣?骞存?????涓?寮?濮?锛???绁?搴???瑕?绔????锛???孩???涓捐?绁??娲誨????剁О澶╀?锛?浜︾О澶╃??????搴?????寮????褰╋?搴?????绔?绔????锛?????3~36?????朵???灏?搴?瀹????光??涔???????崇???涓よ竟????????????????堕?達?灏???涓?澶╋?澶???涓???浠ヤ?锛?瑙????蜂俊濂充滑??????補涔?澶?瀵¤??瀹???
    澶╃?????楂?娼????ㄥ??????浜??ュ??瀹典?澶????ュ??ょ?????楂????????锛?搴???搴??????楂???澶?锛?杩?瑕????鵑???????扮?????榫????????????绉??????????跨????杞﹁濺????琛ㄦ?甯稿父??瀹佃揪?︺????礎澶╃???????????澶?锛??充??ㄥ??涔′?????浼?澶?浠ョ???涓哄?藉?????闆?????ㄨ??礎?闆?轟腑锛???????寵???澶?锛?姝ゅ?灏???????層???圭??北?????灞便????す?????圭???°??浜???????涓?骞寸????绾㈢??北绛?绛?锛??辨????娓?浠ｈ??礎?闆?虹???涔?????
    ?朵?????????锛?绯誨ぉ?????寤剁畫??璐′??闆?烘??搴?????浜???娲???锛?浼?姝ゅ???涓轟?灞辨???浜???娲?寤虹???锛?棣??????恒??姣?骞村???寵?蟲?ヨ?蟲?ヨ??锛?搴???寮????褰╋????ョキ绁?浜???锛?璁告?胯??胯??????渚???锛?缁?缁?涓?缁???姝ｆ??????搗绔????锛??圭孩????蟲?????浜???瀹佃??绁??娲誨?ㄨ揪?伴?娼????ュ??芥?劇?????楦ｆ?鵑???????瀹佃揪?︼????歸???°??
    ?朵????娌崇????????炬渤???????茬?璁拌澆娓?涔鵑??骞撮?達?璐′?璐靛?搴??蟲???????頒?涔?涓俱????浼?5??澶╋????炬渤?????劇?闆?ｇ?娲誨?ㄣ????礎?闆?轟婦?????頒???婕?娌崇????????涓??????沖????涓?????浜??ュ??涓ゅぉ寮?濮???璁炬??渚?浣???绁?绁峰?╂??锛?浠ユ?澶ф??澶ф?茶?╄?ㄦ??娓＄?????瓒?搴︿骸?點??璇電??芥?锛???姘撮?????猴?浠ユ???楝煎?榄?涓?瑕??版???￠?淬???т?浜虹?锛??????ㄦ渤杈瑰??ｏ??ㄤ???璇電?绁?绁峰０涓??灏?浼?娌崇???劇疆姘撮???浠誨?舵?娴?锛?缁?绉扳???插?????????椴ら奔????绛?婕??ㄦ???????绉頒負??澶寸???????朵???澶??ㄧ孩?插?ㄥ??绾稿?????????????灏鵑???跺??锛?涓?浠繪??俱???炬渤?????朵害?ㄦ???磋?琛?锛?娌崇??????锛??胯?ユ??娌籌?缂?缂?娴??????浜洪???籌???涓哄．瑙???
    瀛??頒????達?杩???涓?绉???涓衡???劇?闆?ｂ????涔?淇?锛????懼??村?間負???劇?????垛?????闆?ｇ??褰㈢?朵???負??寮????風????浼???锛???浼???涓??褰╃?????????憋????村??撅??闆????灏?锛???澹伴???籌?浠や漢?艱?辯輯涔便????瀹??垮???涓??姝ゆ??绮懼???璁拌堪锛???涓?????浜?锛???涔￠?涓捐????頒?浜?锛?澶?寮??辨?ｏ??跺?朵?涓????????涔?锛??版??孩??????
    ?跺??涓衡????澶╄?娴封??锛??惰?妯℃??涓哄?澶х????????缁???骞達?1909锛???????浼???????勾??缁??椹懼穿锛?瀹ｇ??充?锛???浜茬?????褲????礎??浜?涓?娆＄??澶х?????锛?绉頒負????浼?????绁???缁???甯????靛??璁懼?ㄨタ绉︿?棣?锛???棣?????褰╃???骞朵互姝や負涓??锛?????涓??＄嚎甯?缃?????澶╄?娴封??????涔?????????杩??闆?虹??????琛???锛????瑙?妯＄┖?????ュ?寮????訛?寰?寰?绌胯?浜?琛???浠や漢娴?杩?浜???????渤涔?涓???姝ゆ?????澶╄?娴封??娲誨????藉ぉ浜?褰╃激绾鳳?澶??????????鹼?娓鎬漢濡?缁?锛?娆??瀣?绗?锛????瑰?甯搞??